Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in healthy Han Chinese subjects in Urumqi. Methods Health screening data of 35 017 cases were retrospectively collected, and people with liver dysfunction, abnormal blood glucose, renal dysfunction were excluded. A total of 22 643 cases(10 265 males, 12 378 females) were enrolled in and divided into 6 groups according to age. Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (high density lipoprotein, HDL-C) was detected using homogeneous method. Results Overall serum HDL-C was (1.42±0.33) mmol/L in our investigation, higher than national average of 1.30 mmol/L. Female had higher serum HDL-C level than male (1.51 mmol/L vs 1.24 mmol/L, P< 0.001). In male, serum HDL-C was higher in those aged over 60 years (60-69 group:1.28(1.10, 1.47); ≥ 70 group:1.30(1.11, 1.51)) than those in other age groups (30-39 group:1.22 (1.07, 1.39); 40-49 group:1.22 (1.06, 1.41); 50-59 group:1.23 (1.07, 1.41)) (P < 0.01, respectively). In opposite, youngest female group aged 18-29 had highest level of HDL-C1.54 (1.36, 1.75) as compared with other age groups (P < 0.01, respectively). According to the guideline of prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia in China in 2007, 10.71% (2 425/22 643) of healthy subjects had low HDL-C (< 1.04 mmol/L), and the incidence was higher in male (18.80%, 1 930/10 265) than in female (4.00%, 495/12 378). This trend was also testified in the comparison between male and female in each age group. Conclusion The serum level of HDL-C of Chinese Han subjects in our study in Urumqi city is higher than the average level of Chinese adults. The percentage of low HDL-C was higher in male, and youngest female group has in highest HDL-C level.