Abstract: Objective To improve the colon polyps' detection rates and reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer through investigating the changes of colon polyps' detection rates and pathologic spectrum in 2005 versus 2015. Methods The endoscopic data and pathology results of colorectal polyps in our hospital were collected for retrospective analysis. Results Detection rate in 2015(29.30%) was high than that in 2005(25.89%). The colorectal polyps in the sigmoid colon, of sessile type and with size less than 5 mm were commonly observed. Pathology types:226 adenomas and 1 early-colorectal cancer were identified in 2005; 692 adenomas, 28 early-colorectal cancers and 12 other types (8 xanthelasmas, 2 neuroendocrine tumors, 1 cancer and 1 leiomyoma) in 2015. Conclusion Detection rates of colorectal polyps and early cancer in 2015 are higher than those in 2005, and more diversity of pathological types in 2015 were observed compared to 2005.