Abstract: Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and the role of nutritional support in the treatment of UC. Methods A total of 148 patients with ulcerative colitis who were treated in our department from February 2014 to January 2017 were enrolled in this study. Nutritional risk screening (NRS2002) was used to assess the nutritional risk. Totally 54 patients who had nutritional risk were randomly divided into two groups, the control group was given routine clinical treatment, and the treatment group was given routine clinical treatment plus nutritional support treatment. Results Compared with control group, the nutritional indexes in the treatment group increased significantly: arm circumference (AC) (26.1±3.8) mm vs (24.2±5.5) mm, triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) (13.0±4.4) mm vs (11.4±5.1) mm, hand grip strength (HGS) (34.1±3.3) kg vs (31.6±3.1) kg, albumin (ALB) (41.5±4.1) g/L vs (38.8±4.2) g/L, prealbumin (PAB) (198.3±4.3) mg/L vs (179.9±5.1) mg/L (AllP＜ 0.05). Conclusion Nutritional risk screening should be carried out in patients with UC, and their nutritional status can be improved by nutritional support.