Abstract: Objective To observe the analgesic effect of oxycodone for patients with cesarean scar pregnancy undergoing uterine arterial embolization. Methods Sixty patients with cesaren scar pregnancy who underwent uterine arterial embolization in Lianchi Maternity and Child Care Hospital from March 2016 to September 2017 were included in this study. These patients aged 26 to 43 years with ASA physical status Ⅰ - Ⅱ, were randomly divided into two groups, 30 cases in each group. Patients in group O were intravenously injected with oxycodone (0.05 mg/kg) at 10 minutes before the end of surgery, and then received controlled intravenous anagelsia (PCIA) with solution including oxycodone (0.8 mg/kg) plus tropisetron (10 mg). Patients in group S were intravenously injected with sufentanyl (0.05 μ g/kg) at 10 minutes before the end of surgery, and then received PCIA with solution including sufentanyl (0.8 μ g/kg) plus tropisetron (10 mg). The score of visual analogue scale (VAS) at 0.5, 1, 2, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after surgery, the times of patient controlled pressing, requirement for rescue analgesic and complications were recorded. Results There was no significant difference in demographic data between the two groups. The VAS scores were 2(0-3) in group O vs 3(1-4) in group S at 1 h (P=0.012 1), 2(0-3) in group O vs 3(1-5) in group S at 2 h (P=0.009 2), 3(2-4) in group O vs 3(2-5) in group S at 4 h (P=0.013 4), 3(1-3) in group O vs 3(1-5) in group S at 8 h (P=0.047 5), 2(1-3) in group O vs 3(2-4) in group S at 12 h (P=0.007 2) after surgery. However, there was no significant difference in VAS between group O and group S at 0.5, 12 and 24 h after surgery (all P ＞ 0.05). The times of successful delivery in group O were lower than that of group S (1.9±0.4) vs (7.6±0.7), (P=0.001 2). The times of total demand in group O were lower than that of group S (3.1±0.3) vs (12.8±1.2), (P=0.002 3). The incidence of rescue analgesic in group O was lower than that of group S (3%) vs (17%), (P=0.003 6). There was no significant difference in complications between two groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion The analgesic effect of oxycodone is superior to sufentanil for patients with cesarean scar pregnancy undergoing uterine arterial embolization.