Abstract: Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs), a type of endogenous non-coding RNAs with highly conservative sequences, regulate multiple genes expression to influence the occurrence and development of various tumors in terms of transcription, RNAs fabrication and translation. To date, many clinical trials related to miRNAs in cancer research field have been launched. It has broad prospects for miRNAs applied as novel biomarkers into early diagnosis, prognosis prediction and targeted therapy of tumors.