Background  The use of drugs in extreme environments is a problem that must be faced in field environments. The change of drug storage conditions will affect the stabilities of carrying drugs and further affect the safety and effectiveness of drug use.

  Objective  To investigate the current situation of drug storage conditions, analysis the changes of drug stabilities under extreme environments and discuss the problems and solutions of drug storage under field environments in the army.

  Methods  The present situation of drug storage was investigated by issuing questionnaires to medical and health professionals in our army from June to August in 2021. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate injections were stored in simulated extreme environments (repeated freezing and thawing, extremely high temperature, high temperature and high humidity) to investigate its content change.

  Results  Of the 82 army medical health questionnaires, 51 respondents thought that temperature control equipment was deficient in the drug store environments in military tasks, and the storage conditions could not be corrected in 48 h. The content of dexamethasone sodium phosphate injections stored for 2 months were relatively stable under repeated freeze-thaw condition, while decreased significantly under extremely high temperature condition (the content of the three batches decreased by 5.75%, 7.64% and 6.25% respectively). The content decreased after stored for 3 months under high temperature and high humidity conditions, without significant difference.

  Conclusion  The storage conditions of drugs in the field extreme environments do not meet the specified storage requirements, thus we should form a drug stabilities guidance manual matching with the list of combat readiness drugs and combine various effective measures to improve storage capacity and ensure the safety of drug use of our army.