Abstract: Objective To study the detection of plasma D-dimer and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of thrombotic diseases. Methods Two hundred and fifty-seven patients admitted to Lanzhou University No.1 Hospital from June 2013 to November 2013 served as a thrombotic disease group and 34 healthy subjects served as a control group in this study. Their plasma D-dimer and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products were detected by ELISA and latex immune turbidimetric method, respectively. Results The plasma level of D-dimer and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products was significantly higher in patients with allergic purpura, ischemic stroke, liver cirrhosis and primary liver cancer, acute myelocytic leukemia, pulmonary embolism and venous thrombosis than in healthy controls（DD: 0.28±0.12 μg /ml, FDPs: 1.87±1.17 μg /ml, P＜0.01）. Conclusion Detection of plasma D-dimer and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic diseases.